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Extension:Filtro de Abuso

No rastreador: #AbuseFilter
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This extension comes with MediaWiki 1.38 and above. Assim, não precisa efetuar o download novamente. No entanto, ainda precisa seguir as outras instruções fornecidas.
Manual de extensões do MediaWiki
AbuseFilter
Estado de lançamento: estável
Implementação Atividade do utilizador , Página espacial , API
Descrição Permite restrições baseadas em comportamentos específicos para serem colocadas na atividade da wiki
Autor(es)
Política de compatibilidade Lançamentos de capturas de ecrã junto com o MediaWiki. Original não é compatível com versões anteriores.
MediaWiki >= 1.43.0
Alterações à base de dados Sim
Composer mediawiki/abuse-filter
Tabelas abuse_filter
abuse_filter_action
abuse_filter_history
abuse_filter_log
Licença GNU - Licença Pública Geral 2.0 ou superior
Transferência
Download extension
Git [?]:
Parâmetros
  • $wgAbuseFilterConditionLimit
  • $wgAbuseFilterRangeBlockSize
  • $wgAbuseFilterAnonBlockDuration
  • $wgAbuseFilterLogIPMaxAge
  • $wgAbuseFilterCentralDB
  • $wgAbuseFilterDefaultWarningMessage
  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge
  • $wgAbuseFilterEnableBlockedExternalDomain
  • $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions
  • $wgAbuseFilterActions
  • $wgAbuseFilterProtectedVariables
  • $wgAbuseFilterLogIP
  • $wgAbuseFilterPrivateDetailsForceReason
  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount
  • $wgAbuseFilterLogPrivateDetailsAccess
  • $wgAbuseFilterSlowFilterRuntimeLimit
  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold
  • $wgAbuseFilterLocallyDisabledGlobalActions
  • $wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration
  • $wgAbuseFilterDefaultDisallowMessage
  • $wgAbuseFilterValidGroups
  • $wgAbuseFilterNotificationsPrivate
  • $wgAbuseFilterBlockAutopromoteDuration
  • $wgAbuseFilterIsCentral
  • $wgAbuseFilterNotifications
Permissões adicionadas
  • abusefilter-modify
  • abusefilter-log-detail
  • abusefilter-view
  • abusefilter-log
  • abusefilter-privatedetails
  • abusefilter-privatedetails-log
  • abusefilter-modify-restricted
  • abusefilter-revert
  • abusefilter-view-private
  • abusefilter-log-private
  • abusefilter-hidden-log
  • abusefilter-hide-log
  • abusefilter-modify-global
  • abusefilter-modify-blocked-external-domains
  • abusefilter-bypass-blocked-external-domains
  • abusefilter-access-protected-vars
  • abusefilter-protected-vars-log
Hooks utilizados
Hooks fornecidos
Quarterly downloads 139 (Ranked 42nd)
Public wikis using 2,939 (Ranked 186th)
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AbuseFilter

2020 Coolest Tool
Award Winner

in the category
Quality


A extensão Filtro de Abuso permite que os utilizadores privilegiados definam ações específicas para serem realizadas sobre as ações dos utilizadores, tais como edições, corresponder determinados critérios.

Por exemplo, poderia ser criado um filtro para impedir que utilizadores não registados adicionassem links externos ou para bloquear um utilizador que remova mais de 2.000 caracteres.


Instalação

  • Exporte e coloque o ficheiro, ou ficheiros, num diretório chamado AbuseFilter, na sua pasta extensions/.
    Developers and code contributors should install the extension from Git instead, using:cd extensions/
    git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/AbuseFilter
  • Only when installing from Git, run Composer to install PHP dependencies, by issuing composer install --no-dev in the extension directory. (See task T173141 for potential complications.)
  • Acrescente o seguinte código ao fundo do ficheiro $LocalSettings: 
    wfLoadExtension( 'AbuseFilter' );
  • Execute o script de atualização que irá criar automaticamente as tabelas da base de dados necessárias para esta extensão.
  • Configure conforme necessário.
  • Yes Pronto – Na página especial Special:Version da sua wiki verifique se a extensão foi instalada.
Ao instalar a partir do Git, note que esta extensão requer Composer .

Assim, após a instalação do Git, mude para o diretório que contém a extensão, por exemplo. "../extensions/AbuseFilter/" e execute composer install --no-dev, ou ao atualizar: composer update --no-dev.

Em alternativa, bem como preferencialmente, adicione a linha "extensions/AbuseFilter/composer.json" ao ficheiro "composer.local.json" no directório raiz do seu wiki, como por ex. 

{
	"extra": {
		"merge-plugin": {
			"include": [
				"extensions/AbuseFilter/composer.json"
			]
		}
	}
}

Configuração

Direitos do utilizador

Assim que instalar a extensão, terá de configurar os direitos do utilizador nas "LocalSettings.php".

User rights for AbuseFilter
Direito Descrição Notes User groups that have this right by default
abusefilter-modify Criar ou modificar filtros de abusos Requires the abusefilter-view right sysop
abusefilter-view Ver filtros de abuso *
abusefilter-log Ver o registo de abusos *
abusefilter-log-detail Ver entradas detalhadas do registo de abusos Requires the abusefilter-log right sysop
abusefilter-privatedetails Ver dados privados no registo de abusos Prior to 1.34 this right was named abusefilter-private - Requires the abusefilter-log-detail right —
abusefilter-modify-restricted Modificar filtros de abuso com ações restritas Requires the abusefilter-modify right sysop
abusefilter-modify-global Criar ou modificar os filtros globais de abusos Requires the abusefilter-modify right —
abusefilter-revert Reverter todas as alterações feitas por um dado filtro de abuso sysop
abusefilter-view-private Ver filtros de abuso marcados como privados Requires the abusefilter-view right (not needed if the group already has the abusefilter-modify right) sysop
abusefilter-log-private Ver entradas de registo de filtros de abuso marcados como privados Requires the abusefilter-log right (not needed if the group already has the abusefilter-modify or abusefilter-view-private rights) sysop
abusefilter-hide-log Ocultar entradas do filtro de abusos Requires the abusefilter-log right suppress
abusefilter-hidden-log Ver entradas ocultadas do registo de abusos Requires the abusefilter-log right suppress
abusefilter-privatedetails-log Ver o registo de consultas dos detalhes privados do filtro de abusos Prior to 1.34 this right was named abusefilter-private-log —
abusefilter-modify-blocked-external-domains Criar ou modificar que domínios externos estão impedidos de ser destino de hiperligações sysop
abusefilter-bypass-blocked-external-domains Contornar os domínios externos bloqueados Requires the edit right bot
abusefilter-access-protected-vars Ver e criar filtros que usam variáveis protegidas sysop
abusefilter-protected-vars-log View logs related to accessing protected variable values sysop

Por exemplo, o exemplo de configuração seguinte permitiria que os administradores de sistemas fizessem tudo o que quisessem com o AbuseFilter e que todos visualizassem as definições de registo e de filtro público: 

$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-modify'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-privatedetails'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-modify-restricted'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-access-protected-vars'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-protected-vars-log'] = true;
Os filtros marcados como privados só podem ser visualizados pelos utilizadores com a permissão abusefilter-modify ou abusefilter-view-private.
Protected filters can only be created and viewed by users with the abusefilter-access-protected-vars permission. Logs pertaining to these filters can only be viewed by users with the abusefilter-protected-vars-log permission. For more information, see Rules format .

Parâmetros

Nome da variável Valor predefinido Descrição
$wgAbuseFilterActions 
[
    'throttle' => true,
    'warn' => true,
    'disallow' => true,
    'blockautopromote' => true,
    'block' => true,
    'rangeblock' => false,
    'degroup' => false,
    'tag' => true
]
As ações possíveis que podem ser realizadas pelos filtros de abuso. Ao adicionar uma nova ação, verifique se está restrita a $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions e, se estiver, não se esqueça de adicionar o abusefilter-modify-restricted direito aos grupos de utilizadores apropriados.
$wgAbuseFilterConditionLimit 
1000
The maximum number of 'conditions' that can be used each time the filters are run against a change. (More complex filters require more 'conditions').
$wgAbuseFilterValidGroups 
[
    'default'
]
The list of "groups" filters can be divided into. By default there is only one group. Other extensions may add other groups.
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold 
[
    'default' => 0.05
]
Disable a filter if it matched more than 2 edits, constituting more than 5 % of the actions which were checked against the filter's group in the "observed" period (at most one day), and the filter has been changed in the last 86400 seconds (one day). See emergency throttling.
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount 
[
    'default' => 2
]
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge 
[
    'default' => 86400
]
$wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions 
[
	"throttle" => false,
	"warn" => false,
	"disallow" => false,
	"blockautopromote" => true,
	"block" => true,
	"rangeblock" => true,
	"degroup" => true,
	"tag" => false
]
Users must have the "abusefilter-modify-restricted" user right as well as "abusefilter-modify" in order to create or modify filters which carry out these actions.
$wgAbuseFilterNotifications 
false
Allows to configure the extension to send hit notifications to Special:RecentChanges or UDP. Opções disponíveis: rc, udp, rcandudp
For sending changes to abuse filters to Special:RecentChanges, use unset($wgLogRestrictions['abusefilter']);.
$wgAbuseFilterNotificationsPrivate 
false
Ative as notificações para os filtros privados.
$wgAbuseFilterCentralDB 
null
MW 1.41+ Name of a database where global abuse filters will be stored in. Requires CentralAuth installed otherwise global filters will break on a wikifarm.
$wgAbuseFilterIsCentral 
false
MW 1.41+ Set this variable to true for the wiki where global AbuseFilters are stored in. Requires CentralAuth installed otherwise global filters will break on a wikifarm.
$wgAbuseFilterLocallyDisabledGlobalActions 
[
	"throttle" => false,
	"warn" => false,
	"disallow" => false,
	"blockautopromote" => false,
	"block" => false,
	"rangeblock" => false,
	"degroup" => false,
	"tag" => false
]
Disallow Centralised filters from taking actions set as true in this variable.
$wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration 
'indefinite'
Duração dos bloqueios efetuados pelo «Filtro de Abuso».
as of 1.31.0-wmf.25 block durations may be specified for every single filter and will override this variable. This variable is only used when enabling the block in order to preselect a default duration.
$wgAbuseFilterAnonBlockDuration 
null
Duration of blocks made by AbuseFilter on users who are not logged in. The value of $wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration will be used if this is not set.
as of 1.31.0-wmf.25 block durations may be specified for every single filter and will override this variable. This variable is only used when enabling the block in order to preselect a default duration.
$wgAbuseFilterBlockAutopromoteDuration 
5
Duration, in days, for which users' autopromotion is blocked by filters.
$wgAbuseFilterDefaultWarningMessage 
[
    'default' => 'abusefilter-warning'
]
Default warning messages, per filter group
$wgAbuseFilterDefaultDisallowMessage 
[
    'default' => 'abusefilter-disallowed'
]
Default disallow messages, per filter group
$wgAbuseFilterLogIP 
true
Whether to include IP in the abuse_filter_log
$wgAbuseFilterLogIPMaxAge 
3 * 30 * 24 * 3600
Age used as cutoff when purging old IP log data. Defaults to 3 months. Used by maintenance script purgeOldLogIPData.php.
$wgAbuseFilterProfileActionsCap 
10000
Number of action that determines when to reset profiling stats.
$wgAbuseFilterLogPrivateDetailsAccess 
false
Whether accessing private information from a filter log entry is logged.
$wgAbuseFilterPrivateDetailsForceReason 
false
Whether users are forced to provide a reason for accessing private information from a filter log entry.
$wgAbuseFilterSlowFilterRuntimeLimit 
500
Runtime in milliseconds before a filter is considered slow.
$wgAbuseFilterRangeBlockSize 
[
    'IPv4' => '16',
    'IPv6' => '19',
]
Size of the range blocked by 'rangeblock' action.
$wgAbuseFilterProtectedVariables 
[ "user_unnamed_ip" ]
Array of variables that are be considered protected (limited access) and require the abusefilter-access-protected-vars right to use/view.

Emergency throttling

AbuseFilter comes with a feature that automatically throttles (disables) filters that have been edited recently and match a certain threshold of the latest actions.

This is done to prevent harmful edits on the filters to block every user that performs an action on the wiki or similar.

The condition to disable the filter depend on those variables:

  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold - Percent of matches over the total amount of actions in the observed period.
  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount - Count of matches of the filter in the observed period.
  • $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge - Age of the filter to take it into account. If the last edit of the filter is older than this number of seconds, the filter won't be throttled, unless it's already throttled.

Throttled filters can be identified in the list of filters (Special:AbuseFilter) with the state Ativado, Número elevado de correspondências. Throttling happens silently, and there's no way to see when a filter got throttled, except when Extension:Echo is installed, then a notification is sent to the user who was last to modify the filter.

When a filter gets throttled, it doesn't perform any dangerous action (actions usually restricted to special rights like blocking the user, or removing it from groups, controlled by $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions), and only "safe" actions are allowed (the ones that can warn or prevent the ongoing action). Throttled filters don't get enabled automatically. To disable the throttling, you need to edit the filter. Note that you need to actually change something from the filter: changing something from the filter's notes is sufficient.

Note that editing the filter updates its age, and can cause it to be disabled if it reaches again the conditions to be throttled in a short period since the last edit, leading to a unusable filter if your wiki has more abuse edits than legitimate ones.

Criação e gestão de filtros

Once the extension has been installed, filters can be created/tested/changed/deleted and the logs can be accessed from the Abuse filter management page Special:AbuseFilter.

  • To import filters from Wikipedia: When you have installed the extension, go to w:Special:AbuseFilter, choose a filter (say w:Special:AbuseFilter/3), then click "Export this filter to another wiki", copy the text, go to "Special:AbuseFilter/import" on your wiki, paste the text.

API

AbuseFilter adds two API list modules, one for details of abuse filters ("abusefilters") and one for the abuse log, since it is separate from other MediaWiki logs ("abuselog"). It is not possible to create or modify abuse filters using the API.

list = abusefilters

Listar informação sobre os filtros

Parâmetros
  • abfstartid - The filter id to start enumerating from
  • abfendid - The filter id to stop enumerating at
  • abfdir - The direction in which to enumerate (older, newer)
  • abfshow - Show only filters which meet these criteria (enabled|!enabled|deleted|!deleted|private|!private|protected|!protected)
  • abflimit - The maximum number of filters to list
  • abfprop - Which properties to get (id|description|pattern|actions|hits|comments|lasteditor|lastedittime|status|private)

When filters are private, some of the properties specified with abfprop will be missing unless you have the appropriate user rights.

Exemplos
List non-private abuse filters
api.php?action=query&list=abusefilters&abfshow=!private&abfprop=id|hits [teste na 'Área de Testes' da API (Sandbox)]
Resultado
{
    "batchcomplete": "",
    "continue": {
        "abfstartid": 18,
        "continue": "-||"
    },
    "query": {
        "abusefilters": [
            {
                "id": 1,
                "hits": 41430
            },
            {
                "id": 3,
                "hits": 957485
            },
            {
                "id": 5,
                "hits": 5931
            },
            {
                "id": 6,
                "hits": 19
            },
            {
                "id": 8,
                "hits": 7
            },
            {
                "id": 9,
                "hits": 41354
            },
            {
                "id": 11,
                "hits": 132971
            },
            {
                "id": 12,
                "hits": 139693
            },
            {
                "id": 14,
                "hits": 63
            },
            {
                "id": 15,
                "hits": 15
            }
        ]
    }
}

list = abuselog

List instances where actions triggered an abuse filter.

Parâmetros
  • aflstart - The timestamp to start enumerating from
  • aflend - The timestamp to stop enumerating at
  • afldir - The direction in which to enumerate (older, newer)
  • afluser - Show only entries where the action was attempted by a given user or IP address.
  • afltitle - Show only entries where the action involved a given page.
  • aflfilter - Show only entries that triggered a given filter ID
  • afllimit - The maximum number of entries to list
  • aflprop - Which properties to get: (ids|filter|user|ip|title|action|details|result|timestamp|hidden|revid|wiki)
Exemplo
List instances where the abuse filter was triggered in response to actions from the user "SineBot"
api.php?action=query&list=abuselog&afluser=SineBot&aflprop=ids [teste na 'Área de Testes' da API (Sandbox)]
Resultado
{
    "batchcomplete": "",
    "continue": {
        "aflstart": "2018-03-06T02:34:18Z",
        "continue": "-||"
    },
    "query": {
        "abuselog": [
            {
                "id": 27219261,
                "filter_id": "1073"
            },
            {
                "id": 26938051,
                "filter_id": ""
            },
            {
                "id": 23388942,
                "filter_id": "1"
            },
            {
                "id": 22044912,
                "filter_id": ""
            },
            {
                "id": 22032235,
                "filter_id": ""
            },
            {
                "id": 22032196,
                "filter_id": ""
            },
            {
                "id": 21983882,
                "filter_id": ""
            },
            {
                "id": 20594818,
                "filter_id": "904"
            },
            {
                "id": 20593489,
                "filter_id": "904"
            },
            {
                "id": 20590442,
                "filter_id": "904"
            }
        ]
    }
}

Erros possíveis

  • Some users might experience that creating new filters or modifying old filters fail and the user just gets redirected to the original page. If the Wiki is using SSL certificates, this error could possibly be because of the $wgServer value, which might be using "http://" instead of "https://". An indication of this error will be, the browser giving https warning for Special:AbuseFilter pages. (Topic:T23dyyih0ofjada5)

Integração com outras extensões

You can integrate AbuseFilter with other extension in various ways.

Adding variables for filtering

It is possible to add new variables, to be used in abuse filters. A list of examples is available . To do that, you should:

  • Add a handler for the AbuseFilter-builder hook. To add a variable, you should use $builder['vars']['variable_name'] = 'i18n-key';, where variable_name is the name of the variable, and i18n-key is the fragment of an i18n key. The full key will be abusefilter-edit-builder-vars-{$your_key}.
  • Add the i18n messages you chose at the previous point.
  • Choose a hook handler where the variable will be computed. Depending on your use case, you could:
    • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateTitleVars hook; this is specifically thought for page-related variables;
    • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateUserVars hook; this is specifically thought for user-related variables;
    • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateGenericVars hook; this is for variables not bound to a specific page or user;
    • Implement the AbuseFilterAlterVariables hook; this is a bit more flexible than the other hooks, but it has a downside: your variable will not be available when examining past RecentChanges entries. If you want to implement that feature (and it's recommended to do so), you should use one of the hooks listed above, and use its third parameter ($RCRow).
  • Inside the hook handler, there are two ways to add a variable:
    • The "direct" way is calling $vars->setVar( 'var_name', var_value );. This is ideal only when the value is easy and quick to compute: the value is computed even if no active filter will use it.
    • The "lazy" way is calling $vars->setLazyLoadVar( 'var_name', 'method_name', $params );. Here, 'method_name' is a (unique) identifier that will be used to compute the variable (it's recommended to prefix it with the name of your extension). To register the method, you should add a handler for the AbuseFilter-computeVariable hook; therein, you should check if the $method passed matches your 'method_name', and if so, compute the variable. Lastly, $params is an array of parameters that you'll need to compute the variable; these are passed to the computeVariable hook handler. For an example of this, you can check out CentralAuth's global_user_groups.

Adding custom actions

You can add custom action handlers, so that each filter may perform further actions. To do that, you choose a name for the action ('my-action' from now on), and then:

  • Create a class named e.g. MyAction, that should extend \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence, which can also implement HookAborterConsequence or ConsequencesDisablerConsequence
  • Add a subscriber to the AbuseFilterCustomActions hook; the subscriber should provide a callback as documented in the hook documentation, that returns an instance of the class created above, for instance:
class MyAction extends \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence {
    public function run() {
        throw new \Exception( 'Write me' );
    }
}

public function onAbuseFilterCustomActions( &$actions ) {
    $actions[] = function ( \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence\Parameters $params, array $rawParams ) : MyConsequence {
        return new MyAction( $params, $rawParams );
    };
}

Then you should add the following i18n messages; you can replace 'my_action' with e.g. 'block' to see what the messages are for:

  • 'abusefilter-edit-action-${my_action}'
  • 'abusefilter-action-${my_action}'

Adding rule groups

You can also add extra rule groups, which can be used to group existing abuse filters. Note that, at the moment, each filter can only be in a single group (T116642). Currently, the only known consumer of this feature is Extension:StructuredDiscussions . To do that, you should:

  • Append the name of the group to $wgAbuseFilterValidGroups.
  • Add some code to run the filters with your group. Note that AbuseFilter won't do that on its own. To do that, you should construct an AbuseFilterRunner object, passing in the name of your group.

Ver também

Retrieved from "https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Extension:AbuseFilter/pt&oldid=6826503"