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منتجات الأمان والثقة/الحسابات المؤقتة/أسئلة مكررة

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الأساسيات

ما هو الحساب المؤقت؟

حينما تنشر تعديلًا على ويكيبيديا أو أي موقع آخر تستضيفه مؤسسة ويكيميديا دون تسجيل الدخول إلى حساب مسجل، يجري إنشاء حساب مؤقت لك. سوف يعطى هذا الحساب اسم مستخدم آليًا. سوف يحفظ في متصفحك ملف تعريف ارتباط وقت إنشاء الحساب. سوف يستخدم اسم المستخدم هذا في إيعاز كافة التعديلات التي ستتبع ذلك إليك، حتى لو تغيّر عنوان الآي بي الذي تستخدمه. في حالة الحساب المؤقت، يمكن لموظفي المؤسسة المخولين وأعضاء المجتمع الوصول إلى حساب الآي بي الذي تستخدمه دون سواهم، كما هو مبيّن في سياسة الخصوصية المحدّثة.

How do temporary accounts work?


Notable aspects of temporary accounts


انظر أيضا:

The basics of the project

Why are you working on temporary accounts at all?

Wikimedians began discussing the exposure of IP addresses as a privacy issue shortly after MediaWiki was developed. For example, there is a thread dating back to 2004. For many years, there was no strong incentive to change this, so the Wikimedia Foundation wasn't working on it. But in the meantime, in many countries, new laws and new standards were introduced. Finally, in 2018, the Foundation's Legal department determined that the indefinite public storage of IP addresses presents serious risks. This includes legal risks to the projects and risks to the users. Today, this project is one of the priorities of the Foundation's leadership.

See also:

Why a temporary account is the right solution to the problem?

There are some hard requirements that led to the design of the temporary accounts. Some of them are of legal, and some are of technical nature:

What we are facing What we have decided to do
One of the founding principles of our movement is that people should be able to make most simple edits without registering a permanent account. Temporary accounts will be created automatically (people won't need to create an account themselves).
Due to legal requirements, edits on the wikis should be attributed to a user identifier other than IP address. If temporary accounts are enabled on a wiki, an account is created for a user as soon as they commit their first edit. The user is automatically logged in to this account, which is tied to a randomly generated username. This username is displayed in every situation (except for various functionary tools) where IP addresses would have otherwise been displayed.
The identifier that a given not logged-in user's edits are attributed to needs to be stable. Creating a new user for each edit is not an option. Otherwise, there would be a too large rate of new users. As soon as the temporary account is created, the user is logged in. The cookie has a limited lifetime. Within this duration, if the user decides to make more edits, they are all attributed to the same temporary account. A new one is created if the user decides to log out of the temporary account or otherwise use a different browser. The user retains the same temporary account if they change IP address while using the same device/browser.
The MediaWiki software can't be changed too much. We need to limit novelties to let existing features work unmodified. A temporary account does not break anything in the way user accounts are handled. Aside from some special case behaviors that are required (such as some features that need to be disabled for temporary accounts), most code is likely to work without unexpected failures.

See also:

Would disallowing or limiting anonymous editing be a good alternative?

Unlikely.

In the past, the Wikimedia Foundation has supported research into requiring registration for all editors editing Wikipedia articles. The results have been largely harmful. We've seen large drops in the net non-reverted content edits over time in Persian Wikipedia.

At this time, with the data we have, we cannot say that disabling logged-out editing on any project is a beneficial solution.

متى ستصل هذه التغييرات إلى موقع الويكي الخاص بي؟

  • Temporary accounts are already available on pilot wikis: Czech Wikiversity, Igbo Wikipedia, Italian Wikiquote, Swahili Wikipedia, and Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia.
  • If the first deployments are successful and we don't have a ton of unexpected work, then in February 2025, we will roll out on larger wikis. We call this major pilot deployment. It may include some top10 wikis, but not English Wikipedia.
  • Next, in May 2025, we will deploy on all remaining wikis in one carefully coordinated step.

We encourage bot operators and tool developers to test their tools as early as possible.

What if a community wants to keep using IP addresses?

After temporary accounts become available, displaying IP addresses for subsequent contributions will no longer be permitted. All communities need to prepare for the change to temporary accounts.

Is the Wikimedia Foundation monitoring the effect of using temporary accounts on the communities?

Yes.

There is a public dashboard for monitoring metrics for the pilot wikis. All these statistics are updated very frequently, for instance, real-time or once every day, to give everyone a good visibility of the actual work of temporary accounts on wikis.

Specifically, the above metrics are publicly available:

Public metrics in detail 
  • Ratio of temporary accounts that had their IP addresses revealed over total number of temporary accounts that are created. Users who actively reveal IP addresses (T375508)
  • Ratio of temporary accounts that had their IP addreses revealed over total number of temporary accounts that are created (375509)
  • Rate of abandoned edits for anonymous IP editors, regular accounts, and temporary accounts (375498)
  • Rate of successful edits for anonymous IP editors, regular accounts, and temporary accounts (375496)
  • Number of rollbacks which reverted any existing edits (375501)
  • Number of edits made during the given month which were reverted at any point before the snapshot (375501)
  • Number of unique IP addresses blocked during the given month, including blocks and reblocks, as well as blocks on single IPs and IP ranges. (375499)
  • Number of pages deleted during the given month (375503)
  • Number of pages turned on protected mode during the given month (375502)
  • Number of global (cross-wiki) blocks activated during the given month, including blocks and reblocks. (375869)
  • Number of local (wiki-specific) blocks activated during the given month, including blocks and reblocks. (375499)
  • Rate of CentralAuth locks (375870)
  • Number of temporary accounts being created (375505)
  • Number of rate limit trips related to temporary account creation (375500)

In addition, the Foundation is monitoring some other metrics which for security or privacy reasons are not public.

These include data like the number of requests for assistance from CheckUsers. We will periodically share reports about the non-public metrics.

Non-public (guardrail) metrics in detail 

Administrator actions (across all wikis)

  • Blocks - Number of blocks which were activated during the given month.
  • Blocked Unique users - Number of unique users who are blocked during the given month.
  • Blocked Unique IPs - Number of unique single IPs which are blocked during the given month.
  • Blocked Unique IP ranges - Number of unique IP ranges which are blocked during the given month.
  • Reverted Edits - Number of edits made during the given month which were reverted at any point before the snapshot.
  • Deleted Pages - Number of pages which were deleted during the given month.
  • Protected Pages - Number of pages which turned on protected mode during the given month.

طلبات الإداري

  • CheckUser Requests - Number of CheckUser requests per wiki during a given month.

صحة الإداري

  • Active Admins - Number of active admins during the given month.  An active administrator is defined as a user who has the administrator user right and has made at least one administrative action during a given month. Administration activities include block, protect, delete, and rights. document.
  • Edits/Admin Ratio - The ratio of number of edits to number of active admins during a given month
  • New Admins - A new admin is a user who made one administrative action for the first time ever during a given month.


IP addresses appear in the history of many pages. Will those past uses be modified?

No.

Historical IP addresses that were published on wiki before the switch to temporary accounts will not be modified. The Wikimedia Foundation Legal department has approved this decision.

We shouldn't provide all the information. We shouldn't publish some details, and we shouldn't disclose why. If we publicly discussed what arguments we can make, or what risks are most likely to result in litigation, we could help someone harm the wikis and the communities.

This answer is based on attorney advice we are choosing to follow.

Can this change be rolled out differently by location?

No.

We protect the privacy of all users to the same standard. This will change across the Wikimedia projects.

If we tell someone their IP address will be published, isn't that enough?

No.

Many people have been confused to see their IP address published. Additionally, even when someone does see the notice, the Foundation has to properly handle their personal data. Publishing the IP addresses of non-logged-in editors falls short of current privacy best practices. Also, it creates risks, including risks to those users.

How will the project affect CC license attribution?

It will not affect it.

The 3.0 license for text on the Wikimedia projects already states that attribution should include "the name of the Original Author (or pseudonym, if applicable)" (see the license at section 4c). Use of the temporary account names will function equally well as a pseudonym. IP addresses already may vary or be assigned to different people over time, so using that as a proxy for un-registered editors is not different from an the temporary account names. Both satisfy the license pseudonym requirement. In addition, our Terms of use section 7 specify that as part of contributing to Wikipedia, editors agree that links to articles (which include article history) are a sufficient method of attribution.

Technical details about temporary accounts

Where can I test it?

Keep in mind that these are testing wikis. Software there may not work as expected.

ما هي مدة صلاحية حسابي المؤقت؟

سوف يمكن استخدام حسابك المؤقت طالما أن ملف تعريف الارتباط موجود. ملفات تعريف الارتباط مضبوطة حاليًا أن تنتهي صلاحيتها بعد سنة واحدة من أول تعديل.

البنود التالية هي أكثر السيناريوهات شيوعًا التي يمكن فيها ضياع الحساب المؤقت بلا رجعة:

  • يحذف المستخدم ملفات تعريف الارتباط من المتصفح.
  • يحذف المستخدم الملف الشخصي الموجود على متصفحهم الذي استخدمته حينما أنشئ الحساب المؤقت.
  • حينما تستخدم نافذة متخفية (أي التصفح الخاص) وتغلق تلك النافذة.
  • حينما تنتهي صلاحية ملف تعريف الارتباط.

لو ضاع حسابك المؤقت، سوف يستحدث لك حسابًا مؤقتًا جديدًا يستخدم اسم مستخدم جديد في المرة التالية التي تنشر فيها تعديلًا. لو كنت ترغب في استخدام حساب مستديم، يمكنك إنشاء حساب مجاني مسجّل في أي وقت كان.

هل ستكون أسماء المستخدمين المؤقتة فريدة؟

نعم.

إذا رأيت User:~2024-1234567 في عدة مواقع ويكي تستخدم تسجيل الدخول الموحد، فكن على يقين أنك تنظر إلى نفس الحساب.

What if temporary accounts are only enabled on some wikis?

Some wikis have temporary accounts enabled (pilots) and others do not.

Wikis that have temporary accounts enabled display unregistered editors as temporary accounts. On non-temp-accounts wikis they still show up as IP addresses. When the temporary user switches between these wikis they will show up as a temporary account in one wiki and as an IP address in another.

This may create a problem with some features that rely on having a persistent user identity across wikis. If your feature(s) are impacted by this change, please come talk to us on the talk page or through Phabricator.

أسئلة من المساهمين ذوي الخبرة

أنا إداري، واحتاج لحساب مدى حظر نطاق عناوين. هل يمكنني الاطلاع على عناوين آي بي حسابات مؤقتة؟

يتضمن ذلك المضيفين، والمدققين، وإداريون العالميين، والإداريين، والمراجعين الذين يستوفون عتبات التأهل، بالإضافة إلى بعض الموظفين في مؤسسة ويكيميديا.

هناك مخاطر تتعلق بالخصوصية مرتبطة بعناوين آي بي، وستكون مرئية فقط للأشخاص الذين يحتاجون إلى تلك المعلومات للقيام بدوريات فعالة.

انظر أيضا:

لدي حساب مؤهل. كيف يمكنني رؤية عناوين الآي بي؟

اذهب إلى خاص:تفضيلات واختر الانضمام.

Will I need to sign any non-disclosure agreement?

No.

There is the access to nonpublic personal data policy (ANPDP). It is a legal policy from the Wikimedia Foundation about how checkusers and people with certain other roles must protect non-public personal data that they obtain in the course of their duties. Volunteer admins and patrollers do not need to sign it. However, you will need to opt-in to access to IP addresses through Special:Preferences at your local wiki.

كيف سيمكن للمحررين التقدم بطلب للحصول على حق المستخدم الجديد هذا؟

سوف يخصص هذا الأمر بصفة افتراضية تلقائيًا للمستخدمين المؤهلين لذلك. الأمر الوحيد الذي عليك فعله هو تسجيل نفسك حينما تصبح الخاصية متوفرة على موقعك الويكي.

إلا أن كل موقع ويكي يمكنه تأسيس عمليته الخاصة مستخدمًا معايير قياسية أعلى من الحد الأدنى، مثل وجود عملية تتطلب مراجعة الطلبات واحدٍ تلو الآخر. لا تتطلب مؤسسة ويكيميديا وجود عملية مشابهة لأن تصبح إداريًا في المجتمعات الكبرى. يجوز للمجتمعات اختيار التعامل مع هذه الطلبات عن طريق عملياتهم القائمة، أو إنشاء صفحات جديدة. على سبيل المثال، يجوز لموقع ويكيبيديا الإنكليزية اختيار تلقي الطلبات على w:en:Wikipedia:Requests for permissions، ويجوز لويكيبيديا الألمانية اختيار التعامل مع التعامل على w:de:Wikipedia:Administratoren/Anfragen، ويجوز لويكيبيديا الأوكرانية التعامل مع الطلبات على w:uk:Вікіпедія:Заявки на права патрульного. غالبًا ما تلجأ المجتمعات الصغيرة للغاية لتلقي الطلبات المشابهة على صفحة الميدان.

يرغب مجتمعي في تحديد متطلبات أعلى. كيف يمكننا فعل ذلك؟

اتبع الإرشادات المذكورة في الوصول إلى عناوين آي بي حسابات مؤقتة#المتطلبات المحلية. سيعني هذا عادة وجود نقاش داخل المجتمع المحلي، وتوثيق قرار المجتمع، ومن ثم اتباع عملية طلب إجراء تغييرات على تكوين موقع ويكي.

متى سيصبح حق المستخدم متاحًا؟ متى يمكننا الشروع في تخصيص عناوين الآي بي؟

يغلب الظن أن حق المستخدم سيضاف إلى برمجيات ميدياويكي في وقت لاحق من هذه السنة (2023)، إلا أنه لن يكون مفيدًا في بادئ الأمر لكل مواقع الويكي. لو كنتم ترغبون، يمكن للمجتمعات التي ترغب في استخدام عملية تتطلب مراجعة كل حالة على حدة الشروع في الاعتماد المسبق للمحررين في أي وقت شئتم.

يحتوي موقعي الويكي على مجموعة قائمة تتمتع بحقوق أعلى بالفعل من الحد الأدنى من المتطلبات. سيحصلون جميعًا على هذا الحق تلقائيًا لو لم نختر وجود عملية مستقلة. هل يمكننا تخصيص هذا الحق الجديد لهم جميعًا؟

طالما أن جميع المستخدمين في المجموعة يستوفون أو يزيدون عن الحد الأدنى من المتطلبات، سيجوز إذن تخصيصها لمجموعة قائمة. سيحتاج أعضاء تالين في تلك المجموعة لاستيفاء كافة المتطلبات الدنيا أو الزيادة عنها.

إن المتطلبات الدنيا من غير الإداريين مرتفعة كثيرًا

يجوز أن يكون هذا الأمر صحيحًا في بعض الأحيان، مثل حينما يكون موقع الويكي جديدًا. في مثل تلك الحالات، يجب على فرد من موقع الويكي هذا أن يطلب استثناء من قسم الشؤون القانونية التابع لمؤسسة ويكيميديا. أرسل رسالة بريد إلكتروني إلى privacy@wikimedia.org فسر فيها الموقف داخل مجتمعك.

أنا مستوفٍ للحد الأدنى من المتطلبات للوصول تلقائيًا، إلا أن مجتمعي يتطلب مراجعة كل حالة على حدة، ورفضوا طلبي!

إن قرار منح حق المستخدم هذا لشخص يستوفي الحد الأدنى من المتطلبات أم الامتناع عن ذلك يرجع بالكامل للمجتمع المحلي. لا يلزم أي شخص بمنحك حق المستخدم هذا.

أنا إداري، إلا أنني لا أريد حق المستخدم هذا

لن يمكنك أن ترى أي من هذه المعلومات إلا لو نقرت على المكان المعني كي تقبل الاتفاقية.

أظن أن شخص ما يسيء استخدام هذه المعلومات

يرجى الإبلاغ عن بواعث قلقك المتعلقة بالسرية والخصوصية إلى أمين المظالم. كي نضمن محاسبة الجميع، توجد قيود مسجلة تخص استخدام الأدوات ومن هو المستخدم الذي وصل إلى الأداة.

يجوز رفع بواعث القلق الأخرى المتعلقة باحتمال إساءة الاستخدام إلى واحد من المضيفين عن طريق رفع طلب على صفحة m:Steward requests/Permissions#Removal of access. المضيفون مصرحون بمنع وصول مستخدم إلى عناوين الآي بي لو وجدوا أن الإساءة حدثت بالفعل. سوف يوقف هذا الأمر الوصول حتى لو كان المستخدم مؤهلًا تلقائيًا أو منح إمكانية الوصول عن طريق عملية مجتمع.

Some communities currently have public pages for documenting the activities of some bad actors, including their IP addresses (e.g., Long-term abuse). Will this documentation still be permitted?

نعم.

The communities should treat the IPs of logged in users and temporary account holders the same on the Long-term abuse list. They may list the IP addresses when necessary, but they should refer to the abusers by their temporary account usernames.

انظر أيضا:

Can we publicly document the IP addresses used by suspected (but not confirmed) bad actors who are using temporary accounts?

لا، بشكل عام، ولكن أحياناً نعم، مؤقتاً.

When possible, patrollers with access to IP addresses should document the temporary account name(s) instead of the IP addresses. The exception is when the IP addresses are necessary for the purpose of protecting the wiki from abusive actions. Necessity should be determined on a case-by-case basis. If a disclosure later becomes unnecessary, then the IP address should be promptly removed.

For example, if a suspected vandal is exonerated during an investigation, then the report showing the user's IP address can be removed through oversight. That way, the IP address is only revealed while it is needed, and then is suppressed later, after it has been shown to not be needed any longer. See the related policy for more information.

If other information about non-logged-in contributors is revealed (such as location, or ISP), then it doesn't matter if the IP address is also published, right?

لا. The IP address should not be published.

With temporary accounts, the public information will be not linked to an individual person or device. For example, it will be a city-level location, or a note that an edit was made by someone at a particular university. While this is still information about the user, it's less specific and individual than an IP address. So even though we are making some information available in order to assist with abuse prevention, we are protecting the privacy of that specific contributor better.

أسئلة من المساهمين ذوي الخبرة

What if a temporary account holder needs to be blocked?

Temporary accounts' IPs will be stored for a period of 90 days. Their IP addresses can still be blocked, just like at present. Temporary accounts can also be independently blocked, including global blocks and autoblocks.

Can't an abuser just clear cookies?

Yes, they can. Temporary accounts are not intended to solve any anti-abuse problems.

We know the problem of abusers making edits through a pool of changing IPs while masking browser agent data. This cannot be solved through temporary accounts. This is not a design goal for this project either. Otherwise, we would need to use trusted tokens, disabling anonymous edits, or fingerprinting, all of which are very involved, complicated measures that have significant community and technical considerations.

Tools will be adapted to ensure that bidirectional mappings between temporary accounts within the last 90 days and IPs can be safely and efficiently navigated by trusted functionaries. However, abuse from a user that clears cookies may become difficult or impossible to detect and mitigate for users without elevated user rights, or if some of the edits involved are more than 90 days old.

Will temporary accounts be covered by the autoblock mechanism?

Autoblocks stop vandals and other high-risk users from continuing to disrupt the projects by immediately creating a new account. Autoblocks for temporary accounts are the same as autoblocks for registered users. (IP addresses are not available to the public.)

More information is available in phab:T332231. Temporary accounts can also be blocked via global autoblocks.

Is there a limitation for creating many temporary accounts from the same IP address?

نعم.

There is a limitation preventing from creating too many accounts from the same IP address too quickly. The current threshold for regular accounts is six per IP address per day ($wgAccountCreationThrottle).

In addition to that, there is a similar limitation for temporary accounts, which is also six per IP address per day ($wgRateLimits). This threshold can be changed quickly if necessary.

We have investigated the ideal thresholds of the limit (T357771). We will check nuanced responses to tripping thresholds, including CAPTCHAs, temporary blocks, calls to create an account, etc.

During the entire rollout, we will analyze rate limit trips (T357763). To learn more, see T357776.

What are the functional differences between using a Special:Checkuser on a temporary account, and revealing the IP address?

The IP reveal feature can show you the IP address used for a particular edit by a particular temporary account, the last IP address used by a temporary account, all the IP addresses used by a temporary account, or all the temporary accounts edits on a given IP address or IP address range.

انظر أيضا

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