Couple of big reasons:
- It moves configuration out of code (and i18n is config, imho)
- JSON is more portable than PHP and more tools can input/output to it natively
- Some extensions have FREAKING HUGE i18n files and this will help cut them down to manageable sizes
- Since extension i18n is now split like core, it's harder for translation updates to conflict with code changes affecting only the en messages
I won't be able to make the RfC meeting tomorrow to discuss this, but I heartily endorse the proposal. I'm sure any rough edges in the proposal can be figured out by the interested parties :)