Help:Advanced editing/zh

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Wikitext markup guide – crafting your page's appearance

Help:编辑 covers the basics.

你可以使用沙盒进行体验。
Details on wikitext's HTML tags .

Use the following Wikitext markup to tailor the appearance of your page.

Arranging your words – lines, lists, paragraphs, and sections

渲染	维基文本
Drafting sections and subsections 以标题划线开启一个章节 The top-level heading like the page title is indicated by a single equal (`=`) sign. 一个章节一个子章节另一个孙章节 Avoid using first-level headings (`=`); rather, begin with a second-level heading (`==`). 避免跳级。举个例子，不要从第二级跳到第四级。如果一篇文章有四个或四个以上的部分，一个table of contents 目录将会自动生成。 Sort the subsections in an appropriate order. When listing countries, for instance, sort them alphabetically as opposed to, say, according to their respective populations inside the OECD or in any other haphazardous order. Use HTML heading tags and close headings without slashes, if you wish to keep them out of the TOC. 例如： <h4>Subsection with heading too low level to be in the TOC<h4>	== 章节 == === 一个子章节 === === 另一个孙章节 ===
Newline Adding a new line has no effect. 这是一行文本。这依然是同一段落的一部分。 An empty line starts a new paragraph or ends a list or indented part. The `‎<p>` tag can disable a paragraph until `‎</p>` or the end of the section. 这是一个段落。 This is a continuation of the paragraph. But it appears after an empty line due to the `‎<p>` and `‎</p>` tags. 这是一行文本。 This is another line appearing as a second new paragraph instead of a third paragraph due to the `‎<div>` and `‎</div>` tags. In a list, a newline is used to separate individual items and subitems, enhancing the visual structure and readability of the list content in MediaWiki syntax. See Help:List for examples.	这是一行文本。 This is still part of the same paragraph. This is a paragraph.<p>This is a continuation of the paragraph. But it appears after an empty line due to the <p> and </p> tags.</p> 这是一行文本。<div>This is another line appearing as a second new paragraph instead of a third paragraph due to the <div> and </div> tags.</div>
Lines can be broken without beginning another paragraph. Kindly don't overuse this. Don't begin a link , italics or bold on one line and end it on the next; instead, close markup per line.	Lines can be broken <br/> without beginning another paragraph.
无序列表 Start a line with asterisks (`*`) to create the first item in an unordered list. Use two asterisks for a sub-item. Increase the number of asterisks for deeper levels. Each line break signifies a new item in the list. A line starting without a star marks the end of the list. You can start over with a new list Now you are ready to create well-structured unordered lists.	* Start a line with asterisks (<code></code>) to create the first item in an unordered list. * Use two asterisks for a sub-item. *** Increase the number of asterisks for deeper levels. * Each line break signifies a new item in the list. A line starting without a star marks the end of the list. * You can start over with a new list Now you are ready to create well-structured unordered lists.
有序列表 Use a hashtag (`#`) at the beginning of each line to signify the order. Use two hashtags (`##`) for a sub-item. Continue numbering to maintain the sequence and logical flow of information. Add a new line between each item for improved readability. A line starting without a hashtag marks the end of the list. An ordered list starts with 1. Then 2, etc.	# Use a hashtag (<code>#</code>) at the beginning of each line to signify the order. ## Use two hashtags (<code>##</code>) for a sub-item. ## Continue numbering to maintain the sequence and logical flow of information. # Add a new line between each item for improved readability. A line starting without a hashtag marks the end of the list. # An ordered list starts with 1. # Then 2, etc.
混合列表 This mixed list begins with an unordered list (``). To create a subitem of an ordered list under an unordered list use an asterisk and a hashtag (`#`). To create a deeper sub-item of an unordered list within an ordered list, add another asterisk (`#`). You can also break lines in a list.	* This mixed list begins with an unordered list (<code></code>). # To create a subitem of an ordered list under an unordered list use an asterisk and a hashtag (<code>#</code>). #* To create a deeper sub-item of an unordered list within an ordered list, add another asterisk (<code>#</code>). # You can also break <br/> lines in a list.
Definition Lists A definition list consists of a series of term-definition pairs. Use a semicolon (`;`) to indicate the start of a term. Place the term immediately after the semicolon. Use a colon (`:`) to introduce the definition associated with the term. Place the definition on the line following the colon. Wiki A wiki (/ˈwɪki/ ⓘ WI-kee) is a form of online hypertext publication that is collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience directly through a web browser. See w:Wiki. 网络浏览器网络浏览器是一个访问网站的应用程序。 See w:Web browser Signifying one item per line is most suitable, rather than adding a new line before the colon (`:`).	; Wiki : A wiki (/ˈwɪki/ ⓘ WI-kee) is a form of online hypertext publication that is collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience directly through a web browser. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">See [[w:Wiki]].</span> ; Web Browser : A web browser is an application for accessing websites. <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">See [[w:Web browser]]</span>
缩进 A paragraph is indented when a colon (`:`) is specified at the beginning of a line, as explained in Definition Lists . An indented line. A new line starts a new non-indented paragraph. This is frequently utilized for discussing on talk pages .	: An indented line. A new line starts a new non-indented paragraph.
引用块 A blockquote style is used to highlight a specific section of text from an external source or to distinguish it from the surrounding content. This is a blockquote. It is used to highlight quoted text or separate specific content.	<blockquote> This is a blockquote. It is used to highlight quoted text or separate specific content. </blockquote>
水平分割线 The horizontal dividing line on a wiki page is represented by four or more consecutive hyphens (`----`), enhancing visual organization between sections. Text above Text below	Text above ---- Text below

链接

有关详细信息，请参阅Help:链接

基本信息：

Place double square brackets around the target name – [[ 和 ]]
On a new page, the target name's first letter is automatically capitalized after clicking on it.
Underscores are used to represent spaces. Avoid using underscores.
When you hover over a link, it shows a preview of the linked page without you needing to click on it.

Rendering	Wikitext
Basics You are reading the 技术文档 .	You are reading the {{ll\|documentation}}.
Basics + Text formatting Links can be italicized e.g.: MediaWiki	''[[MediaWiki]]''
内部维基链接 These link to another wiki that covers related or similar topics. This interwiki link points to w:Documentation on Wikipedia. Its Esperanto word equivalent is eo:Dokumentaro.	This interwiki link points to [[w:Documentation]] on Wikipedia. Its Esperanto word equivalent is [[:eo:Dokumentaro]].
Links to sections You can link to a specific section of an existing page by adding a pound (`#`) and section title after specifying the page name. Help:Special pages#Editing Special namespace pages If no such section exists then the link points to the beginning of the page. If a page has multiple sections with the same name, specifying the rank of the section with a number at the end. (e.g., if there are three sections titled "Section title" and you want to link to the third, use [[#Section title 3]]). See Help:Editing FAQ .	[[Help:Special pages#Editing Special namespace pages\|Help:Special pages]]
Piped links Create a link label using a pipe symbol (`\|`): About links The above produces About links, linked to the article Help:Link.	* [[Help:Link\|About links]]
blank link label Using a blank link label will automatically fill in an appropriate link label. I.e. `[[Kingdom (biology)\|]]` will be replaced with `[[Kingdom (biology)\|Kingdom]]` Parentheses: kingdom. Colon: Pipe.	* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Parentheses:</span> [[kingdom (biology)\|]]. * <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Colon:</span> [[Help:Pipe\|]].
指向不存在页面的链接当一个链接被指向不存在的页面时，会显示为红色（就像这个页面） To create the page, you can click on the link. See Help:创建新页面 (and the naming conventions of your project, if there are).	A link to a page which does not exist (like [[Foo\|this one]]) is colored in red.
Redirects You can create a redirect by adding the wikitext at the beginning of the page. See Help:Redirect . #REDIRECT [[United States of America]]	#REDIRECT [[United States of America]]
Magic links Magic links enable users to generate links automatically by typing specific keywords. ISBN book links: ISBN 0131103629 (see Help:Magic links ) Request for Comments links: RFC 234 (see rfcurl ) ISBN 0131103629 RFC 234 These are deprecated and generally should not be used.	* ISBN 0131103629 * RFC 234
`Media:` links Media links are used to reference a page containing media files. They are accessed through the `Media` namespace. Audio	[[media:Test.ogg\|Audio]]
Category links Category links direct users to a specific category page (without categorizing the page into that category). To achieve this, a syntax similar to that of links is used, but with a colon (`:`) added before the namespace. Category:Documentation	[[:Category:Documentation]]
Special pages Special pages are created by the wiki software. They are accessed through the Special namespace. You can create links to special pages like "What links here" using the following format: Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing See Help:特殊页面 for other special pages.	[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
Links to previous revisions of a page, differences (diffs), and particular history pages To link to an old revision, diff, or particular history pages, avoid using the standard wiki-link syntax like `[[page]]`. Instead, utilize the external link function or copy and paste the provided URLs directly. Linking to previous revisions of a page To share an old page version of a wiki, copy the URL from the page's history and paste it where you want to share it. https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite&oldid=6364084 You can also use Special:PermaLink to do this, i.e Special:PermaLink/6364084 Linking to Diffs: To link to page differences between two revisions, copy and paste the specific URL of the page containing the diff of the compared pages. https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help%3ACite&diff=6364333&oldid=6364084 You can also use Special:Diff to do this, i.e Special:Diff/6364333/6364084 Linking to a Specific Page from Edit History Navigate to the edit history and select the "(older)" or "(earliest)" buttons to reach a particular page history, then copy the URL and paste it where you want to share it. https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite&action=history&offset=20170210105218%7C2391706&limit=100	https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite&oldid=6364084 https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help%3ACite&diff=6364333&oldid=6364084 https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite&action=history&offset=20170210105218%7C2391706&limit=100

External links

External links do not open in a new browser window/tab in MediaWiki's default configuration.^[1]

Google, [1]	[http://www.google.com Google], [http://www.google.com]
Example of an email, [2]	[mailto:email@example.com <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Example of an email</span>], [mailto:email@example.com]
Or just provide http://www.google.com as the URL. Every symbol in the UTF-8 code. For example: `^` → `%5e` `ā` (LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON) → `%c4%81` You can also turn a blank space into an underscore.	Or just provide http://www.google.com as the URL.

Formatting texts – customizing the way it looks

Rendering	Wikitext
Emphasize (italics), strongly (bold), very strongly (bold italics). (These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.) Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., Wikipedia).	''Emphasize'', '''strongly''', '''''very strongly'''''. ''[[Wikipedia]]''
The use of italic and bold fonts is beneficial in mathematical calculations where specific font styles are needed instead of emphasis. F = ma (Most people disregard the fact that these two approaches differ in a way that is not particularly significant for graphical browsers.) However, it can have a significant impact on those who are blind.	The use of <i>italic</i> and <b>bold</b> fonts is beneficial in mathematical calculations where specific font styles are needed instead of emphasis. : <b>F</b> = <i>m</i><b>a</b>
You can write in small caps	You can write <span style="font-variant:small-caps">in small caps</span>
The typewriter font that is occasionally used for `technical terms` and `computer code`.	The typewriter font that is occasionally used for <kbd>technical terms</kbd> and <code>computer code</code>.
For captions, you can use small text.	For captions, you can use <small>small text</small>.
Deleted materials can be ~~striked out~~ and new materials can be underlined. You can also denote ~~deleted material~~ and inserted material with the respective tags, preserving their semantic meaning, rather than relying solely on visual cues like strikethrough and underline. Editing regular articles can be done directly without using special markup to indicate deletions or insertions. Markup can be used to indicate deleted or inserted material when revising previous remarks on talk pages.	Deleted materials can be <s>striked out</s> and new materials can be <u>underlined</u>. You can also denote <del>deleted material</del> and <ins>inserted material</ins> with the respective tags, preserving their semantic meaning, rather than relying solely on visual cues like strikethrough and underline.
Subscript: m₂ Superscript: m² or m² Many browsers find it simpler to format lines containing the HTML entity ² (²) rather than using the ² HTML tag for representing superscripted text. ε₀ = 8.85 × 10⁻¹² C² / J m. 1 hectare = 1 E4 m²	Subscript: m<sub>2</sub><br /> Superscript: m<sup>2</sup> or m² ε<sub>0</sub> = 8.85 × 10<sup>−12</sup> C² / J m. <br /><br /> 1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

Reformatting and/or disabling wikitext interpretation

The following provides methods for managing formatting and processing.

Please refer to Template:Tc for the code {{tc}} used in the examples (see Help:Template ).

default

Interpret HTML entities
Interpret wiki markup like bolding, or italicizing text, etc.
Format text (Delete single newlines, multiple spaces, and wrap text automatically)
Create new paragraphs with double newlines

arrow → in

italics link

arrow      &rarr; {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]

The poem tag is used to preserve single newlines.

Interpret HTML entities
Interpret wiki markup like bolding, or italicizing text, etc.
Reformat text partially (Don't remove newlines, but remove multiple spaces, and wrap text automatically)

arrow → in

italics
link

<poem><span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">arrow</span> &rarr; {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]</poem>

Interpret HTML entities.
Don't process special wiki markup like bolding, or italicizing text, etc.
Reformat text
Ignore double newlines to avoid creating a new paragraph; hence, each paragraph must have its application.

can be applied in-line: arrow → {{tc}} ''italics'' [[help:Link|link]] normal again

''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow      &rarr; {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]
</nowiki>''[[normal]] again''

<pre>

Process HTML entities
Avoid interpreting or processing any special wiki markup like bolding, or italicizing text, etc.
No text wrapping
As instructed by the browser's settings, use a fixed-width font.

arrow      → {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]

<pre>arrow      &rarr; {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]
</pre>

A leading space

Process HTML entities
Interpret wiki markup like bolding, or italicizing text, etc.
No text wrapping
Creates a ‎<pre> HTML element
The pre element ends with a blank line, and if there are more lines with leading spaces, a new pre element begins.

<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">arrow</span>      → {{tc}}

''italics''
[[help:Link|link]]


IF a line of plain text begins with a space
it will be displayed exactly
as entered
in a fixed-width font
inside a grey dotted-outline box
with no line breaks
END
<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is handy for:</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">inserting preformatted text;</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">algorithm descriptions;</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">showcasing code snippets;</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">displaying ASCII art;</span>
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">presenting chemical diagrams</span>;
* <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">formatting poetry</span>

警告：

When you make it wide, you make the entire page wide and hence less readable. Don't begin ordinary lines with spaces.

(see also hereafter)

 arrow      &rarr; {{tc}}
 
 ''italics''
 [[help:Link|link]]

 If a line of plain text starts with a space
 it will be displayed exactly
 as entered
 in a fixed-width font
 inside a grey dotted-outline box
 with no line breaks
 END
 This feature is handy for:
 * inserting preformatted text;
 * explaining algorithms;
 * showcasing code snippets;
 * displaying ASCII art;
 * presenting chemical diagrams;
 * formatting poetry

Literal character references

→

&amp;rarr;

When using expandable wikitext like {{t1demo|p ''q'' r}}, using <nowiki>{{t1demo|p ''q'' r}}</nowiki> will display the wikitext as it is. However, when using the #tag magic word, {{#tag:nowiki|{{t1demo|p ''q'' r}}}} will show the expanded wikitext startp ''q'' rend.

Miscellaneous

Signatures Don't forget to "sign" your comments on talk pages using tildes (`~`). Three tildes adds your username: Example Four tildes adds your username and a timestamp: Example 09:20, Mar 14 2024 (UTC) Five tildes adds a timestamp: 09:20, Mar 14 2024 (UTC) The server will add the link when you save.	: Three tildes adds your username: ~~~ : Four tildes adds your username and timestamp: ~~~~ : <span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">Five tildes adds only a timestamp:</span> ~~~~~
Comments	在这以下的文本在这以上的文本不会被渲染	在'''这'''以下的文本 <!-- comment here --> 在'''这'''以上的文本不会被渲染

Adding another page – transclusion and templates

Modifying a transcluded page will modify every file that transcludes it.

Template

A unique type of page designed for transclusion. They are found in the Template: namespace . These templates can take parameters. All the templates that are used on a page are listed after the edit box when you update it.

In this example, Quote is a template page designed to display a quote.

{{Template:Quote}}

Transclusion

Combining another page's contents into the current page. The below example uses a Quote template page to perform transclusion.

This is a parameter for a transcluded quote.

{{Quote|quote=<span lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">This is a parameter for a transcluded quote.</span>}}

Database records related to edits

Both the revision table and the recentchanges table of the database contain records of edits.

The revision table stores page histories and user contribution lists, while the recentchanges table manages recent changes, watchlists, and new page creation lists.

If older edits are removed from the recentchanges table while nothing is deleted from the revision table, older edits remain visible in page histories and user contribution lists but not in recent changes, related changes watchlists, or the list of new pages.

When importing page revisions, the changes are recorded in the revision table but not in the recentchanges table. This means that while the revisions will show up in the page histories and user contribution lists, they won't appear in recent changes, watchlists, or lists of new pages.

References

↑ 手册:$wgExternalLinkTarget

[1] 手册:$wgExternalLinkTarget

[1]

Wikitext markup guide – crafting your page's appearance

Arranging your words – lines, lists, paragraphs, and sections

Drafting sections and subsections

Newline

无序列表

有序列表

混合列表

Definition Lists

缩进

引用块

水平分割线

链接

Basics

Basics + Text formatting

内部维基链接

Links to sections

Piped links

blank link label

指向不存在页面的链接

Redirects

Magic links

Media: links

Category links

Special pages

Links to previous revisions of a page, differences (diffs), and particular history pages

Linking to previous revisions of a page

Linking to Diffs:

Linking to a Specific Page from Edit History