API:Membro do Grupo de Utilizadores
 | Está página faz parte da documentação da API de Ação do MediaWiki. |
| Versão MediaWiki: | ≥ 1.16 |
POST request to add or remove users from a group, thereby granting or removing certain user rights.
Documentação da API
Exemplo
To use this API, you first need to log in to verify your own user group membership. Only certain groups are granted the ability to alter user rights via this API. See API:Iniciar Sessão for more details on logging in.
Once you are logged in, make a GET request to obtain a userrights token.
The query above applies to MediaWiki v1.24+; in older versions, the userrights token would depend on the name of the user whose rights were being changed.
The query would be made like so:
api.php?
For compatibility reasons, the API will also accept the token used in the web UI.
Whichever method you choose, once you have your token, you can use it to make your userrights request, as seen below.
Pedido POST
Remove Bob from the bureaucrat group, and add them to the sysop group, thereby granting them sysop rights.
api.php?
Resposta
{
"userrights": {
"user": "Bob",
"userid": 2793024,
"removed": ["bureaucrat"],
"added": ["sysop"]
}
}
Código amostra
Python
#!/usr/bin/python3
"""
userrights.py
MediaWiki API Demos
Demo of `Userrights` module: Add and remove user rights by
changing the user's group membership.
MIT license
"""
import requests
S = requests.Session()
URL = "https://test.wikipedia.org/w/api.php"
# Step 1: Retrieve a login token
PARAMS_1 = {
"action": "query",
"meta": "tokens",
"type": "login",
"format": "json"
}
R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_1)
DATA = R.json()
LOGIN_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"]
# Step 2: Send a post request to log in. See
# https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Bot_passwords
# for a special note on logging in using a simplified
# interface when accessing wikis via an application,
# rather than the GUI
PARAMS_2 = {
"action": "login",
"lgname": "username",
"lgpassword": "password",
"lgtoken": LOGIN_TOKEN,
"format": "json"
}
R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_2)
# Step 3: Obtain a Userrights token
PARAMS_3 = {
"action": "query",
"format": "json",
"meta": "tokens",
"type": "userrights"
}
R = S.get(url=URL, params=PARAMS_3)
DATA = R.json()
USERRIGHTS_TOKEN = DATA["query"]["tokens"]["userrightstoken"]
# Step 4: Request to add or remove a user from a group
PARAMS_4 = {
"action": "userrights",
"format": "json",
"user": "Bob",
"add": "sysop",
"remove": "bureaucrat",
"reason": "OOPS! added Bob to the wrong group",
"token": USERRIGHTS_TOKEN
}
R = S.post(URL, data=PARAMS_4)
DATA = R.json()
print(DATA)
PHP
<?php
- /*
- userrights.js
-
- MediaWiki API Demos
- Demo of 'Userrights' module: Add and remove user rights by
- changing the user's group membership.
-
- MIT license
- */
$endPoint = "http://dev.wiki.local.wmftest.net:8080/w/api.php";
$login_Token = getLoginToken(); // Step 1
loginRequest( $login_Token ); // Step 2
$userrights_Token = getUserRightsToken(); // Step 3
change_userrights( $userrights_Token ); // Step 4
// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
global $endPoint;
$params1 = [
"action" => "query",
"meta" => "tokens",
"type" => "login",
"format" => "json"
];
$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params1 );
$ch = curl_init( $url );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );
$output = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
$result = json_decode( $output, true );
return $result["query"]["tokens"]["logintoken"];
}
// Step 2: POST request to log in. Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest( $logintoken ) {
global $endPoint;
$params2 = [
"action" => "clientlogin",
"username" => "username",
"password" => "password",
'loginreturnurl' => 'http://127.0.0.1:5000/',
"logintoken" => $logintoken,
"format" => "json"
];
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params2 ) );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );
$output = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
}
// Step 3: GET request to fetch userrights token
function getUserRightsToken() {
global $endPoint;
$params3 = [
"action" => "query",
"meta" => "tokens",
"type" => "userrights",
"format" => "json"
];
$url = $endPoint . "?" . http_build_query( $params3 );
$ch = curl_init( $url );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );
$output = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
$result = json_decode( $output, true );
return $result["query"]["tokens"]["userrightstoken"];
}
// Step 4: POST request to add or remove a user from a group
function change_userrights( $userrightstoken ) {
global $endPoint;
$params4 = [
"action" => "userrights",
"user" => "ABCDEF",
"add" => "bot",
"expiry" => "infinite",
"reason" => "API Testing",
"token" => $userrightstoken,
"format" => "json"
];
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $endPoint );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query( $params4 ) );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, "cookie.txt" );
curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, "cookie.txt" );
$output = curl_exec( $ch );
curl_close( $ch );
echo ( $output );
}
JavaScript
- /*
- userrights.js
-
- MediaWiki API Demos
- Demo of 'Userrights' module: Add and remove user rights by
- changing the user's group membership.
-
- MIT license
- */
var request = require('request').defaults({jar: true}),
url = "http://dev.wiki.local.wmftest.net:8080/w/api.php";
// Step 1: GET request to fetch login token
function getLoginToken() {
var params_0 = {
action: "query",
meta: "tokens",
type: "login",
format: "json"
};
request.get({ url: url, qs: params_0 }, function (error, res, body) {
if (error) {
return;
}
var data = JSON.parse(body);
loginRequest(data.query.tokens.logintoken);
});
}
// Step 2: POST request to log in.
// Use of main account for login is not
// supported. Obtain credentials via Special:BotPasswords
// (https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:BotPasswords) for lgname & lgpassword
function loginRequest(login_token) {
var params_1 = {
action: "clientlogin",
username: "username",
password: "password",
loginreturnurl: "http://127.0.0.1:5000/",
logintoken: login_token,
format: "json"
};
request.post({ url: url, form: params_1 }, function (error, res, body) {
if (error) {
return;
}
getUserRightsToken();
});
}
// Step 3: GET request to fetch UserRights token
function getUserRightsToken() {
var params_2 = {
action: "query",
meta: "tokens",
type: "userrights",
format: "json"
};
request.get({ url: url, qs: params_2 }, function(error, res, body) {
if (error) {
return;
}
var data = JSON.parse(body);
userrights(data.query.tokens.userrightstoken);
});
}
// Step 4: POST request to add or remove a user from a group
function userrights(userrights_token) {
var params_3 = {
action: "userrights",
user: "ABCDEFG",
add: "bot",
expiry: "infinite",
reason: "API Testing",
token: userrights_token,
format: "json"
};
request.post({ url: url, form: params_3 }, function (error, res, body) {
if (error) {
return;
}
console.log(body);
});
}
// Start From Step 1
getLoginToken();
MediaWiki JS
- /*
- userrights.js
-
- MediaWiki API Demos
- Demo of 'Userrights' module: Add and remove user rights by
- changing the user's group membership.
-
- MIT license
- */
var params = {
action: 'userrights',
user: 'ABCD',
add: 'sysop',
reason: 'Added ABCD to the sysop group',
format: 'json'
},
api = new mw.Api();
api.postWithToken( 'userrights', params ).done( function ( data ) {
console.log( data );
} );
Erros possíveis
| Código | Informação |
|---|---|
| nouser | O parâmetro user tem de ser definido. |
| nosuchuser | O utilizador 'user' não existe This may happen when trying to change an anonymous user's rights.
|
| notoken | O parâmetro token tem de ser definido. |
| badtoken | Chave CSRF inválida. |
| readonly | A wiki está em modo exclusivo de leitura. |
Histórico de parâmetros
- v1.29: Introduced
expiry - v1.23: Introduzido
userid
Notas adicionais
- By default, only users in the bureaucrat group can grant or remove user rights.
- Some wikis allow non-bureaucrats to grant or remove rights on a limited basis, such as restricting those abilities to the user's own account.
- If you do not possess the ability to grant or remove rights to the target user, the API will not throw an error; instead, the
addandremovefields in the response will simply contain empty arrays.
Consulte também
- Ajuda:Privilégios de Utilizador e de Grupos - describes how user rights and group membership work in greater detail.
- Special:ListGroupRights - lists all the rights and privileges conferred to each user group on a particular wiki.
- Special:UserRights - a GUI way to add or remove user rights, available in wikis running v1.29+.
- API:Utilizadores - gets information about a list of users, including their groups and rights.