Extension:Filtro de Abuso

Esta extensão acompanha o MediaWiki 1.38 e superiores. Assim, não precisa efetuar o download novamente. No entanto, ainda precisa seguir as outras instruções fornecidas.

Manual de extensões do MediaWiki

AbuseFilter Estado de lançamento: estável
Implementação	Atividade do utilizador , Página espacial , API
Descrição	Permite restrições baseadas em comportamentos específicos para serem colocadas na atividade da wiki
Autor(es)	Andrew Garrett Daimona Eaytoy Marius Hoch River Tarnell Victor Vasiliev
Política de compatibilidade	Lançamentos de capturas de ecrã junto com o MediaWiki. Original não é compatível com versões anteriores.
MediaWiki	>= 1.42.0
Alterações à base de dados	Sim
Composer	mediawiki/abuse-filter
Tabelas	abuse_filter abuse_filter_action abuse_filter_history abuse_filter_log
Licença	GNU - Licença Pública Geral 2.0 ou superior
Transferência	Download extension Git [?]: Download Git master browse repository (Phabricator · GitHub) commit history repository contributors (GitHub) code review
Parâmetros $wgAbuseFilterActorTableSchemaMigrationStage $wgAbuseFilterConditionLimit $wgAbuseFilterRangeBlockSize $wgAbuseFilterAnonBlockDuration $wgAbuseFilterLogIPMaxAge $wgAbuseFilterCentralDB $wgAbuseFilterDefaultWarningMessage $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions $wgAbuseFilterActions $wgAbuseFilterEnableBlockedExternalDomain $wgAbuseFilterLogIP $wgAbuseFilterPrivateDetailsForceReason $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount $wgAbuseFilterLogPrivateDetailsAccess $wgAbuseFilterSlowFilterRuntimeLimit $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold $wgAbuseFilterLocallyDisabledGlobalActions $wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration $wgAbuseFilterDefaultDisallowMessage $wgAbuseFilterValidGroups $wgAbuseFilterNotificationsPrivate $wgAbuseFilterBlockAutopromoteDuration $wgAbuseFilterIsCentral $wgAbuseFilterNotifications
Permissões adicionadas abusefilter-modify abusefilter-log-detail abusefilter-view abusefilter-log abusefilter-privatedetails abusefilter-privatedetails-log abusefilter-modify-restricted abusefilter-revert abusefilter-view-private abusefilter-log-private abusefilter-hidden-log abusefilter-hide-log abusefilter-modify-global abusefilter-modify-blocked-external-domains abusefilter-bypass-blocked-external-domains
Hooks utilizados ArticleDelete BeforeCreateEchoEvent ChangeTagsListActive CheckUserInsertChangesRow CheckUserInsertLogEventRow CheckUserInsertPrivateEventRow ContributionsToolLinks EditFilterMergedContent GetAutoPromoteGroups HistoryPageToolLinks JsonValidateSave ListDefinedTags LoadExtensionSchemaUpdates PageSaveComplete ParserOutputStashForEdit RecentChange_save RenameUserSQL TitleMove UndeletePageToolLinks UploadStashFile UploadVerifyUpload UserMergeAccountFields getUserPermissionsErrors
Hooks fornecidos AbuseFilterAlterVariables AbuseFilter-builder AbuseFilter-deprecatedVariables AbuseFilter-computeVariable AbuseFilter-contentToString AbuseFilterCustomActions AbuseFilter-deprecatedVariables AbuseFilter-filterAction AbuseFilter-generateGenericVars AbuseFilter-generateTitleVars AbuseFilter-generateUserVars AbuseFilter-generateStaticVars AbuseFilterGenerateVarsForRecentChange AbuseFilterGetDangerousActions AbuseFilter-interceptVariable AbuseFilterShouldFilterAction
Quarterly downloads	163 (Ranked 40th)
Public wikis using	2,939 (Ranked 186th)
Traduza a extensão AbuseFilter se ela estiver disponível em translatewiki.net
Problemas	Tarefas em aberto · Reportar um erro

AbuseFilter

2020 Coolest Tool
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in the category
Quality

A extensão Filtro de Abuso permite que os utilizadores privilegiados definam ações específicas para serem realizadas sobre as ações dos utilizadores, tais como edições, corresponder determinados critérios.

For example, a filter could be created to prevent unregistered users from adding external links, or to block a user who removes more than 2000 characters.

Instalação

• Exporte e coloque o ficheiro, ou ficheiros, num diretório chamado AbuseFilter, na sua pasta extensions/.
  Developers and code contributors should install the extension from Git instead, using:cd extensions/
git clone https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/mediawiki/extensions/AbuseFilter
• Only when installing from Git, run Composer to install PHP dependencies, by issuing composer install --no-dev in the extension directory. (See task T173141 for potential complications.)
• Acrescente o seguinte código ao fundo do ficheiro $LocalSettings:

  wfLoadExtension( 'AbuseFilter' );
  

• Execute o script de atualização que irá criar automaticamente as tabelas da base de dados necessárias para esta extensão.
• Configure conforme necessário.
•  Pronto – Na página especial Special:Version da sua wiki verifique se a extensão foi instalada.

When installing from Git, please note that this extension requires Composer .

So, after installation from Git change to the directory containing the extension e.g. "../extensions/AbuseFilter/" and run composer install --no-dev, or when updating: composer update --no-dev.

Alternatively as well as preferably add the line "extensions/AbuseFilter/composer.json" to the "composer.local.json" file in the root directory of your wiki like e.g.

{
	"extra": {
		"merge-plugin": {
			"include": [
				"extensions/AbuseFilter/composer.json"
			]
		}
	}
}

Configuração

Direitos do utilizador

Assim que instalar a extensão, terá de configurar os direitos do utilizador nas "LocalSettings.php".

User rights for AbuseFilter

Direito	Descrição	Notes	User groups that have this right by default
abusefilter-modify	Criar ou modificar filtros de abusos	Requires the abusefilter-view right	sysop
abusefilter-view	Ver filtros de abuso		*
abusefilter-log	Ver o registo de abusos		*
abusefilter-log-detail	Ver entradas detalhadas do registo de abusos	Requires the abusefilter-log right	sysop
abusefilter-privatedetails	Ver dados privados no registo de abusos	Prior to 1.34 this right was named abusefilter-private - Requires the abusefilter-log-detail right	—
abusefilter-modify-restricted	Modificar filtros de abuso com ações restritas	Requires the abusefilter-modify right	sysop
abusefilter-modify-global	Criar ou modificar os filtros globais de abusos	Requires the abusefilter-modify right	—
abusefilter-revert	Reverter todas as alterações feitas por um dado filtro de abuso		sysop
abusefilter-view-private	Ver filtros de abuso marcados como privados	Requires the abusefilter-view right (not needed if the group already has the abusefilter-modify right)	sysop
abusefilter-log-private	Mostrar entradas de registo de filtros de abuso marcados como privados	Requires the abusefilter-log right (not needed if the group already has the abusefilter-modify or abusefilter-view-private rights)	sysop
abusefilter-hide-log	Ocultar entradas do filtro de abusos	Requires the abusefilter-log right	suppress
abusefilter-hidden-log	Ver entradas ocultadas do registo de abusos	Requires the abusefilter-log right	suppress
abusefilter-privatedetails-log	Ver o registo de consultas dos detalhes privados do filtro de abusos	Prior to 1.34 this right was named abusefilter-private-log	—

For example, the following sample configuration would allow sysops to do everything they want with AbuseFilter, and everyone to view the log and see public filter settings:

$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-modify'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log-detail'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-view'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['*']['abusefilter-log'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-privatedetails'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-modify-restricted'] = true;
$wgGroupPermissions['sysop']['abusefilter-revert'] = true;

Filters marked as private can only be viewed by users with either the abusefilter-modify or abusefilter-view-private permission.

Parâmetros

Nome da variável	Valor predefinido	Descrição
$wgAbuseFilterActions	[ 'throttle' => true, 'warn' => true, 'disallow' => true, 'blockautopromote' => true, 'block' => true, 'rangeblock' => false, 'degroup' => false, 'tag' => true ]	As ações possíveis que podem ser realizadas pelos filtros de abuso. When adding a new action, check if it is restricted in $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions and, if it is, don't forget to add the abusefilter-modify-restricted right to the appropriate user groups.
$wgAbuseFilterConditionLimit	1000	The maximum number of 'conditions' that can be used each time the filters are run against a change. (More complex filters require more 'conditions').
$wgAbuseFilterValidGroups	[ 'default' ]	The list of "groups" filters can be divided into. By default there is only one group. Other extensions may add other groups.
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold	[ 'default' => 0.05 ]	Disable a filter if it matched more than 2 edits, constituting more than 5 % of the actions which were checked against the filter's group in the "observed" period (at most one day), unless the filter has been changed in the last 86400 seconds (one day). See emergency throttling.
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount	[ 'default' => 2 ]
$wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge	[ 'default' => 86400 ]
$wgAbuseFilterParserClass	'AbuseFilterParser'	Nome da classe do analisador do «Filtro de Abuso».
$wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions	[ "throttle" => false, "warn" => false, "disallow" => false, "blockautopromote" => true, "block" => true, "rangeblock" => true, "degroup" => true, "tag" => false ]	Users must have the "abusefilter-modify-restricted" user right as well as "abusefilter-modify" in order to create or modify filters which carry out these actions.
$wgAbuseFilterNotifications	false	Allows to configure the extension to send hit notifications to Special:RecentChanges or UDP. Opções disponíveis: rc, udp, rcandudp For sending changes to abuse filters to Special:RecentChanges, use unset($wgLogRestrictions['abusefilter']);.
$wgAbuseFilterNotificationsPrivate	false	Ative as notificações para os filtros privados.
$wgAbuseFilterCentralDB	null	Name of a database where global abuse filters will be stored in (only supported in the latest, development version). Requires CentralAuth installed otherwise global filters will break on a wikifarm.
$wgAbuseFilterIsCentral	false	Set this variable to true for the wiki where global AbuseFilters are stored in (only supported in the latest, development version). Requires CentralAuth installed otherwise global filters will break on a wikifarm.
$wgAbuseFilterLocallyDisabledGlobalActions	[ "throttle" => false, "warn" => false, "disallow" => false, "blockautopromote" => false, "block" => false, "rangeblock" => false, "degroup" => false, "tag" => false ]	Disallow Centralised filters from taking actions set as true in this variable.
$wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration	'indefinite'	Duração dos bloqueios efetuados pelo «Filtro de Abuso». as of 1.31.0-wmf.25 block durations may be specified for every single filter and will override this variable. This variable is only used when enabling the block in order to preselect a default duration.
$wgAbuseFilterAnonBlockDuration	null	Duration of blocks made by AbuseFilter on users who are not logged in. The value of $wgAbuseFilterBlockDuration will be used if this is not set. as of 1.31.0-wmf.25 block durations may be specified for every single filter and will override this variable. This variable is only used when enabling the block in order to preselect a default duration.
$wgAbuseFilterBlockAutopromoteDuration	5	Duration, in days, for which users' autopromotion is blocked by filters.
$wgAbuseFilterCustomActionsHandlers	[]	Callback functions for custom actions. (deprecated in 1.36) Use the AbuseFilterCustomActions hook instead.
$wgAbuseFilterDefaultWarningMessage	[ 'default' => 'abusefilter-warning' ]	Default warning messages, per filter group
$wgAbuseFilterDefaultDisallowMessage	[ 'default' => 'abusefilter-disallowed' ]	Default disallow messages, per filter group
$wgAbuseFilterLogIPMaxAge	3 * 30 * 24 * 3600	Age used as cutoff when purging old IP log data. Defaults to 3 months. Used by maintenance script purgeOldLogIPData.php.
$wgAbuseFilterProfileActionsCap	10000	Number of action that determines when to reset profiling stats.
$wgAbuseFilterLogPrivateDetailsAccess	false	Whether accessing private information from a filter log entry is logged.
$wgAbuseFilterPrivateDetailsForceReason	false	Whether users are forced to provide a reason for accessing private information from a filter log entry.
$wgAbuseFilterSlowFilterRuntimeLimit	500	Runtime in milliseconds before a filter is considered slow.
$wgAbuseFilterRangeBlockSize	[ 'IPv4' => '16', 'IPv6' => '19', ]	Size of the range blocked by 'rangeblock' action.
$wgAbuseFilterLogIP	true	Whether to include IP in the abuse_filter_log

Emergency throttling

AbuseFilter comes with a feature that automatically throttles (disables) filters that have been edited recently and match a certain threshold of the latest actions.

This is done to prevent harmful edits on the filters to block every user that performs an action on the wiki or similar.

The condition to disable the filter depend on those variables:

• $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableThreshold - Percent of matches over the total amount of actions in the observed period.
• $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableCount - Count of matches of the filter in the observed period.
• $wgAbuseFilterEmergencyDisableAge - Age of the filter to take it into account. If the last edit of the filter is older than this number of seconds, the filter won't be throttled, unless it's already throttled.
• $wgAbuseFilterProfileActionsCap - Maximum number of recent actions to count against the threshold. Note that each action increments a counter, and once this counter reaches this configured value, this counter and the number of recent actions that matches all filters are reset to 0.

Throttled filters can be identified in the list of filters (Special:AbuseFilter) with the state Ativado, Número elevado de correspondências. Throttling happens silently, and there's no way to see when a filter got throttled.

When a filter gets throttled, it doesn't perform any dangerous action (actions usually restricted to special rights like blocking the user, or removing it from groups, controlled by $wgAbuseFilterActionRestrictions), and only "safe" actions are allowed (the ones that can warn or prevent the ongoing action). Throttled filters don't get enabled automatically. To disable the throttling, you need to edit the filter. Note that you need to actually change something from the filter: changing something from the filter's notes is sufficient.

Note that editing the filter updates its age, and can cause it to be disabled if it reaches again the conditions to be throttled in a short period since the last edit, leading to a unusable filter if your wiki has more abuse edits than legitimate ones.

Criação e gestão de filtros

Once the extension has been installed, filters can be created/tested/changed/deleted and the logs can be accessed from the Abuse filter management page Special:AbuseFilter.

• Rules format - The basics of how to write a filter

• Actions

• Global Rules

• Guide to optimizing condition limit usage

• To import filters from Wikipedia: When you have installed the extension, go to w:Special:AbuseFilter, choose a filter (say w:Special:AbuseFilter/3), then click "Export this filter to another wiki", copy the text, go to "Special:AbuseFilter/import" on your wiki, paste the text.

• m:Small wiki toolkits/Starter kit/AbuseFilter - A guide for small wiki communities on metawiki

API

AbuseFilter adds two API list modules, one for details of abuse filters ("abusefilters") and one for the abuse log, since it is separate from other MediaWiki logs ("abuselog"). It is not possible to create or modify abuse filters using the API.

list = abusefilters

Listar informação sobre os filtros

Parâmetros

• abfstartid - The filter id to start enumerating from
• abfendid - The filter id to stop enumerating at
• abfdir - The direction in which to enumerate (older, newer)
• abfshow - Show only filters which meet these criteria (enabled|!enabled|deleted|!deleted|private|!private)
• abflimit - The maximum number of filters to list
• abfprop - Which properties to get (id|description|pattern|actions|hits|comments|lasteditor|lastedittime|status|private)

When filters are private, some of the properties specified with abfprop will be missing unless you have the appropriate user rights.

Exemplos

List non-private abuse filters

api.php?action=query&list=abusefilters&abfshow=!private&abfprop=id|hits [teste na 'Área de Testes' da API (Sandbox)]

Resultado
{ "batchcomplete": "", "continue": { "abfstartid": 18, "continue": "-||" }, "query": { "abusefilters": [ { "id": 1, "hits": 41430 }, { "id": 3, "hits": 957485 }, { "id": 5, "hits": 5931 }, { "id": 6, "hits": 19 }, { "id": 8, "hits": 7 }, { "id": 9, "hits": 41354 }, { "id": 11, "hits": 132971 }, { "id": 12, "hits": 139693 }, { "id": 14, "hits": 63 }, { "id": 15, "hits": 15 } ] } }

list = abuselog

List instances where actions triggered an abuse filter.

Parâmetros

• aflstart - The timestamp to start enumerating from
• aflend - The timestamp to stop enumerating at
• afldir - The direction in which to enumerate (older, newer)
• afluser - Show only entries where the action was attempted by a given user or IP address.
• afltitle - Show only entries where the action involved a given page.
• aflfilter - Show only entries that triggered a given filter ID
• afllimit - The maximum number of entries to list
• aflprop - Which properties to get: (ids|filter|user|ip|title|action|details|result|timestamp|hidden|revid|wiki)

Exemplo

List instances where the abuse filter was triggered in response to actions from the user "SineBot"

api.php?action=query&list=abuselog&afluser=SineBot&aflprop=ids [teste na 'Área de Testes' da API (Sandbox)]

Resultado

{ "batchcomplete": "", "continue": { "aflstart": "2018-03-06T02:34:18Z", "continue": "-||" }, "query": { "abuselog": [ { "id": 27219261, "filter_id": "1073" }, { "id": 26938051, "filter_id": "" }, { "id": 23388942, "filter_id": "1" }, { "id": 22044912, "filter_id": "" }, { "id": 22032235, "filter_id": "" }, { "id": 22032196, "filter_id": "" }, { "id": 21983882, "filter_id": "" }, { "id": 20594818, "filter_id": "904" }, { "id": 20593489, "filter_id": "904" }, { "id": 20590442, "filter_id": "904" } ] } }

Erros possíveis

• Some users might experience that creating new filters or modifying old filters fail and the user just gets redirected to the original page. If the Wiki is using SSL certificates, this error could possibly be because of the $wgServer value, which might be using "http://" instead of "https://". An indication of this error will be, the browser giving https warning for Special:AbuseFilter pages. (Topic:T23dyyih0ofjada5)

Integração com outras extensões

You can integrate AbuseFilter with other extension in various ways.

Adding variables for filtering

It is possible to add new variables, to be used in abuse filters. A list of examples is available . To do that, you should:

• Add a handler for the AbuseFilter-builder hook. To add a variable, you should use $builder['vars']['variable_name'] = 'i18n-key';, where variable_name is the name of the variable, and i18n-key is the fragment of an i18n key. The full key will be abusefilter-edit-builder-vars-{$your_key}.
• Add the i18n messages you chose at the previous point.
• Choose a hook handler where the variable will be computed. Depending on your use case, you could:
  • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateTitleVars hook; this is specifically thought for page-related variables;
  • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateUserVars hook; this is specifically thought for user-related variables;
  • Implement the AbuseFilter-generateGenericVars hook; this is for variables not bound to a specific page or user;
  • Implement the AbuseFilterAlterVariables hook; this is a bit more flexible than the other hooks, but it has a downside: your variable will not be available when examining past RecentChanges entries. If you want to implement that feature (and it's recommended to do so), you should use one of the hooks listed above, and use its third parameter ($RCRow).
• Inside the hook handler, there are two ways to add a variable:
  • The "direct" way is calling $vars->setVar( 'var_name', var_value );. This is ideal only when the value is easy and quick to compute: the value is computed even if no active filter will use it.
  • The "lazy" way is calling $vars->setLazyLoadVar( 'var_name', 'method_name', $params );. Here, 'method_name' is a (unique) identifier that will be used to compute the variable (it's recommended to prefix it with the name of your extension). To register the method, you should add a handler for the AbuseFilter-computeVariable hook; therein, you should check if the $method passed matches your 'method_name', and if so, compute the variable. Lastly, $params is an array of parameters that you'll need to compute the variable; these are passed to the computeVariable hook handler. For an example of this, you can check out CentralAuth's global_user_groups.

Adding custom actions

You can add custom action handlers, so that each filter may perform further actions. To do that, you choose a name for the action ('my-action' from now on), and then:

• Create a class named e.g. MyAction, that should extend \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence, which can also implement HookAborterConsequence or ConsequencesDisablerConsequence
• Add a subscriber to the AbuseFilterCustomActions hook; the subscriber should provide a callback as documented in the hook documentation, that returns an instance of the class created above, for instance:

class MyAction extends \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence {
    public function run() {
        throw new \Exception( 'Write me' );
    }
}

public function onAbuseFilterCustomActions( &$actions ) {
    $actions[] = function ( \MediaWiki\Extension\AbuseFilter\Consequence\Parameters $params, array $rawParams ) : MyConsequence {
        return new MyAction( $params, $rawParams );
    };
}

Then you should add the following i18n messages; you can replace 'my_action' with e.g. 'block' to see what the messages are for:

• 'abusefilter-edit-action-${my_action}'
• 'abusefilter-action-${my_action}'

Adding rule groups

You can also add extra rule groups, which can be used to group existing abuse filters. Note that, at the moment, each filter can only be in a single group (T116642). Currently, the only known consumer of this feature is Extension:StructuredDiscussions . To do that, you should:

• Append the name of the group to $wgAbuseFilterValidGroups

• Add some code to run the filters with your group. Note that AbuseFilter won't do that on its own. To do that, you should construct an AbuseFilterRunner object, passing in the name of your group.

Ver também

• Várias wikis WMF onde está ativado (e com que configuração)